Xa imozulu ishushu, abantu abaninzi bakhetha ukunxiba iiglasi zelanga ukukhusela amehlo abo. Iiglasi zelanga eziqhelekileyo zahlulwe zibe zimibala ekhanyayo nenemibala ekhanyayo. Nokuba ngabathengi okanye amashishini, iiglasi zelanga ezimibalabala aziqhelekanga.
Inkcazo yePolarization
I-Polarization, eyaziwa ngokuba kukukhanya okupholisiweyo, ibhekisa ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo njenge-transverse wave, kunye ne-vibration direction yayo ethe nkqo kwicala lokusasazwa. I-vibration direction yokukhanya kwendalo ayixhomekekanga kwi-plane ethe nkqo kwicala lokusasazwa; kukukhanya okupholisiweyo, i-vibration direction yayo inqunyelwe kwicala elithile ngexesha elithile.
Ulwahlulo lwePolarization
I-Polarization inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezintathu: i-linear polarization, i-elliptical polarization, kunye ne-circular polarization. Ngokubanzi, okubizwa ngokuba yi-polarization kubhekisa kwi-linear polarization, okwaziwa ngokuba yi-plane polarization. Ukungcangcazela kolu hlobo lwamaza okukhanya kuxhomekeke kwicala elithile kwaye kuhlala kungatshintshi. Indlela yayo yokusasazeka esibhakabhakeni ilandela i-sinusoidal curve, kwaye i-projection yayo kwi-plane i-perpendicular ukuya kwicala lokusasazeka ngumgca othe tye.
Iplane eyenziwe ngecala lokungcangcazela lokukhanya okuphola ngomgca kunye necala lokusasazeka libizwa ngokuba yiplane of vibration, kwaye iplane ethe nkqo kwicala lokungcangcazela kwaye equlathe icala lokusasazeka libizwa ngokuba yiplane of polarization. Ukudlulisa ukukhanya kwendalo kwi-polarizer kunokuvelisa ukukhanya okuphola ngomgca.
Umsebenzi wePolarization
Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, kukho imithombo emininzi yokukhanya evelisa ukukhanya okuyingozi, ingakumbi ukukhanya kwelanga. Ukukhanya kwelanga kukhupha iintlobo ezintathu zokukhanya: ukukhanya okubonakalayo, ukukhanya kwe-infrared, kunye nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (UV). Phakathi kwezi, ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kulusu namehlo. Ukukhanya okubonakalayo kususela kwi-380 ukuya kwi-780 nanometers, ngelixa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kwahlulwe ngakumbi kwi-UVA, i-UVB, kunye ne-UVC, kunye namaza obude obungaphezulu kwe-310nm. I-UVA, i-UVB, kunye ne-UVC ziimitha eziyingozi. Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwezi mitha kunokubangela umonakalo emzimbeni. I-UVB inempembelelo enkulu ekuboneni, kwaye ikwayi-"tanning ray" eyenza ulusu lube mnyama. Uninzi lweekona zeliso lufunxa olu hlobo lokukhanya kwe-UVB, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuvala lo mthombo wokukhanya.
Iilensi ezipholisiweyoZinomsebenzi wokukhanya okugqumayo, okuzivumela ukuba zivale ukukhanya okuyingozi ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okubonakalayo, ngaloo ndlela zikhusela amehlo. Ukongeza kumsebenzi osisiseko wokukhusela i-UV, iilensi ezigqumayo zikwanazo nemisebenzi yokuchasana nokukhanya, ukubonakalisa indlela, kunye nokugqama kwamanzi, okuzenza zilungele ukuqhuba, ukuloba, ukuhamba, kunye nokunxiba imihla ngemihla.
Ukuveliswa kweeLensi eziPhazanyisiweyo
Ngokweembono zabantu abaqhelekileyo,iilensi ezipholisiweyoKwi-nearviewing zinesakhiwo esifana nesandwich (esiqulathe umaleko wangaphambili weeglasi zelanga, umaleko ophakathi weefayibha ezi-polarized, kunye nomaleko wangasemva weelensi ezi-nearviewing, zonke zidibene). Izinto zelensi ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zine-refractive index ye-1.50 (zikwakho ne-1.60, kodwa zibiza kakhulu). Iilensi ziqinile kwaye zinzima, kwaye ukuba iresiphi idlula i-600°, zombini ubuhle kunye nentuthuzelo ziya kuchaphazeleka kakhulu. Uluhlu lwamaxabiso eelensi ezi-polarized kwi-nearviewing lubanzi kakhulu kwaye luxhomekeke kuzinzo kunye nomgangatho wenkqubo yomenzi wemveliso.
Iilensi ezi-polarized ziluncedo ekuhluzeni ukukhanya okuthe saa (njengokugxumeka kwee-blinds), kodwa kukho umahluko omkhulu kumgangatho. Iilensi ezi-polarized ezikumgangatho ophantsi zinokwahlulwahlulwa nokuqhekeka, kwaye ezininzi azihlangabezani nemigangatho yokukhanya.
Izixhobo zeLensi eziPhazanyisiweyo
Kukho iintlobo ezine eziqhelekileyo zeiilensi ezipholisiweyokwimarike: iilensi zeglasi, iilensi ze-resin, iilensi zePC, kunye neelensi ze-TAC.
① Iilensi zeglasi
Nangona zikwazi ukumelana nokukrweleka kwaye zisebenza kakuhle ekukhanyeni, ubunzima bazo kunye neengxaki zokhuseleko zikhokelele ekunciphiseni kancinci kancinci kokusetyenziswa kwazo.
② Iilensi zeresin
Kulula ukuyifaka umbala, ilula, kwaye ayichaphazeleki, nto leyo eyenza ibe yenye yezona zinto ziphambili kwiiglasi zelanga ezidumileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iilensi ze-resin zidla ngokuqhekeka ngexesha lenkqubo yokugquma, kwaye zisenokubangela iingozi zokhuseleko xa zichaphazeleka kakhulu.
③ Iilensi ze-TAC
I-TAC yenye yezinto ezibonakalayo nezine-molecular ephezulu. Iilensi ze-TAC njengeeglasi zelanga zineempawu ezifana nokumelana ne-asidi kunye ne-alkali, ulula, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Nangona kunjalo, iilensi ze-TAC azinawo amandla okumelana nokukrweleka kunye neempawu zokukhanya ezingazinzanga. Nangona zixabiso liphantsi, ziye zashiywa luninzi lweempawu zangaphandle ezaziwayo.
④ Iilensi zePC
Zilula, zisebenza kakuhle ekufakeni imibala, kwaye zinokumelana nokuchaphazeleka okunamandla, nto leyo eyenza zibize kakhulu.
Iilensi zePC zoyisa iingxaki zoxinzelelo olujikelezayo kunye ne-astigmatism ezibangelwa kukuguquka kweelensi ze-TAC zemveli emva kokuba zifakwe kwifreyimu. Zinokumelana okukhulu kakhulu nempembelelo (ngokuphindwe ka-60 kuneelensi zeglasi, ngokuphindwe ka-20 kuneelensi ze-TAC, kunye nokuphindwe ka-10 kuneelensi ze-resin) kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zeenqwelo moya kunye nezomkhosi. Kwangaxeshanye, iilensi zePC zikhaphukhaphu, zikhaphukhaphu ngama-37% kuneelensi ze-resin eziqhelekileyo.
Umahluko PhakathiIilensi ezivuthulukileyoNeelensi ezinemibala
Iilensi ezinombala zisebenzisa kuphela umsebenzi wokunciphisa ukukhanya, kwaye azikwazi ukuhluza ukukhanya. Zinokunciphisa kuphela amandla okuqaqamba, ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, njl.njl., kwaye azinakuwuthintela ngokupheleleyo lo kukhanya kuyingozi. Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yokukhanya okunciphileyo, kuchaphazela ukudluliselwa kweelensi, nto leyo ebeka umngcipheko wokhuseleko kwabo bazinxibileyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-29-2023