I-optometry ayilingani neresiphi yesibuko
Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba i-optometry "kukuvavanya nje inqanaba lokubona kufutshane" kwaye bakuba befumene esi siphumo, banokuqhubeka nokufakela iiglasi zamehlo. Nangona kunjalo, i-optometry prescription "yisiphumo sokulinganisa" imeko yokuchacha kwamehlo omntu, kwaye isenokungabi yeyona ngcebiso ilungileyo yeeglasi. I-Optometry kunye nokufakela iiglasi zamehlo ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo epheleleyo, kwaye ukuba zenziwa ngokwahlukeneyo, iingxaki zinokuvela.
Ukukhetha iifreyimu zeglasi ngumsebenzi wobugcisa.
Ixesha elininzi, abathengi bacinga kuphela "ngexabiso lobuhle" xa bekhetha iifreyimu zeglasi. Ukuba iifreyimu zeglasi beziyinto nje yefashoni efana nempahla, bekuya kuqondakala. Nangona kunjalo, iifreyimu zeglasi nazo zinoxanduva lokulungisa iimpazamo zokuhombisa. Ke ngoko, ukongeza kubuhle, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ubuncinane izinto ezintathu:
1. Ubungakanani besakhelo
Abanye abantu baneendlebe ezibekwe phambili, ngelixa abanye beneendlebe ezibekwe ngasemva. Ubude obukhethiweyo beetempile (iingalo) zeeglasi zamehlo buya kwahluka ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba iitempile zinde kakhulu okanye zimfutshane kakhulu, zinokuchaphazela ukuthambeka kwe-pantoscopic kunye nomgama we-vertex weeglasi. Nangona uninzi lweewebhusayithi zokuthenga kwi-intanethi zibonelela ngobukhulu beeglasi, kunzima ukukhetha ifreyimu efanelana kakuhle ngaphandle kokuyizama ngokwakho.
2. Umyalelo wokufaka iiglasi zamehlo
Umyalelo we-optometry kunye nokukhetha iifreyimu zeglasi zamehlo zidibene ngokusondeleyo. Umzekelo, kubantu abaneempazamo eziphezulu zokurhawuzelela, ukuba bakhetha iifreyimu ezinkulu, iilensi aziyi kuba nkulu kwaye zinzima kuphela, kodwa kuya kuba nzima nokulungelelanisa iziko le-optical leelensi kunye nombindi we-pupils. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga apho iinkophe zixubana neelensi xa ziqhwanyaza.
3. Sebenzisa indawo kunye nenjongo
Ukukhethwa kweefreyimu kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo. Kubantu abenza imisebenzi yomzimba rhoqo, iifreyimu ezinee-side grips zangaphakathi kunye neengalo zetempile ezigobileyo ukuze zilingane kakuhle ziyacetyiswa. Kwabo basebenza edesikeni ixesha elide, iifreyimu ezinee-nose pads ezingatyibilikiyo kunye neerim zelensi eziphezulu zifanelekile. Ngelixa uqhuba, iifreyimu ezinombono obanzi ojikelezayo ziyathandwa, kwaye iifreyimu ezimxinwa zinokubonelela ngombono ogqwesileyo ojikelezayo.
Zonke ezi zinto zifuna ukuba ingcali yamehlo ithathele ingqalelo. Ukufaneleka kweefreyimu ezinesitayile kunokuqinisekiswa kuphela ngokuguguleka kwangempela, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iiparameter ziyahambelana ngokufanelekileyo.
Imiba evela kwiiparameter ezingangqinelaniyo
Ngaphandle kokuvavanya nokulinganisa idatha yokwenyani yokulingana kweefreyimu ezinkulu, kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zokungafani komgama we-pupillary (PD). Ukunxiba iiglasi ixesha elide ezine-PD engachanekanga kunokubangela iziphumo ze-prism, okubangela ukudinwa kwamehlo kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuqhubela phambili kwe-myopia.
Umgama we-pupillary (PD) ngumgama ophakathi kwamehlo. Xa kufakwa iiglasi, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zokulinganisa i-PD: umgama we-PD kunye nokufutshane ne-PD. Umgama we-PD ubhekisa kumlinganiselo othathwayo xa umntu egxile kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo ekude (oko kukuthi, umgama ophakathi kwamaziko abafundi xa amehlo omabini ejonge phambili kumgama). Umgama okufutshane ne-PD (NCD) ngumlinganiselo womgama ophakathi kwamaziko abafundi xa besenza umsebenzi okufutshane.
Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela umba wokuphakama kwe-puppy xa kufikwa kwiiglasi ezinkulu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukuphakama kwe-puppy kwamehlo omabini kusenokungabi kwinqanaba elifanayo. Iingcali zamehlo ezinamava ziya kusebenzisa indlela yokubonakalisa i-cornea ukumisela indawo echanekileyo yokuphakama kwe-puppy. Ukunyamezela kwicala elithe nkqo lamehlo omntu kubuthathaka kakhulu. Ukuba ukuphakama kwe-optical center yeelensi ezenziwe kakuhle akuhambelani nokuphakama kwe-puppy, oku kunokubangela iziphumo ze-prism kwaye kukhokelele ekudinweni kwamehlo.
Ukuchaneka kwe-Optometry
01Ngenxa yezinto ezifana nemeko ye-optometry kunye nobude bexesha lokunxiba iilensi zovavanyo, kunokubakho ukuguquguquka kwiziphumo ze-optometry. Umzekelo, kunokubakho umahluko phakathi kwe-optometry eyenziwa kusasa nasemva kwemini. Ngokubanzi, ummiselo we-optometry emva kwemini unokuba phezulu kancinci kunasekuseni ngenxa yokudinwa kokubona okuqokelelene imini yonke. Xa ukhetha iziko le-optometry, kubalulekile ukukhetha iziko elinobungcali nelihloniphekileyo ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ze-optometry ezichanekileyo nezithembekileyo.
02Ukuchaneka kweresiphi kunokwahluka kwiliso ngalinye. Ngexesha lenkqubo ye-optometry, i-optometry ekhompyutheni inokusebenza njengesalathiso, kodwa akufuneki ithathwe njengeresiphi yokugqibela yeeglasi. Ingcali yamehlo kufuneka ibuze ngokweenkcukacha malunga nokuthuthuzeleka komntu onxibe iiglasi kwaye iqinisekise rhoqo kwaye ilinganise amandla e-spherical (ukubona okukufutshane, ukubona kude) kunye ne-cylindrical (i-astigmatism) ukuze ifumane ibhalansi engcono kwaye ilungise i-axis ye-astigmatism.
Ukuhlolwa kwezifo zamehlo kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi wokubona
Uvavanyo lwamehlo oluyingcali alubandakanyi nje ukubonelela ngemiyalelo yokujonga izinto ezikufutshane kunye nokujonga izinto ezikude. Lukwabandakanya novavanyo olubalulekileyo olungenakwenziwa kwi-intanethi:
① Uvavanyo lokuqala lwamehlo: Ukuze kuthintelwe izifo zomphezulu wamehlo.
② Uvavanyo lomsebenzi obonakalayo: Uvavanyo lomsebenzi obonakalayo onamanqanaba amathathu kunye novavanyo lokuhambelana kwamehlo kunye novavanyo lokuhlangana.
③ Ubuchule bokulungisa izibuko: Ukuthambeka kwePantoscopic, umgama we-vertex, kunye nendawo ephakathi kwe-optical.
Ukulinganisa okulungiselelwe wena kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso kufuna ukuba kumiselwe ezi ziphumo zovavanyo.
Idatha Echaphazela Iziphumo Zokulinganisa
Idatha yokufakela amehlo kwi-intanethi inika ulwazi ngeempazamo zokuhombisa (ukubona okukufutshane, ukubona okukude) kunye nomgama we-pupillary, nto leyo ebalulekileyo ekufakeni iiglasi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iinkcukacha ezininzi ezinokuchaphazela iziphumo zokufakela, njengendawo yamehlo, indawo yendlebe, umgama we-vertex, ukuthambeka kwe-pantoscopic, kunye nendawo ye-optical center.
Ukongeza kule datha ingentla, nobukhulu befreyimu bunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwiziphumo zokufakelwa. Ukunxiba iiglasi ezinkulu kunokukhokelela ekutshintsheni kwe-chromatic kunye neziphumo ze-prism. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwi-myopia ephezulu, njengoko iifreyimu ezinkulu zinokubangela imiphetho yelensi etyebileyo, zinciphise iingenelo zeelensi ezine-index ephezulu kwaye zibangele amanqanaba aphezulu eziphumo ze-prism, okukhokelela kwisiyezi. Ke ngoko, xa ukhetha iifreyimu, kubalulekile ukukhetha iifreyimu ezineeparameter ezifanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo zokufakelwa nokufakelwa kwesilingo, endaweni yokugxila kuphela kwisitayile.
Imigangatho yoMgangatho kunye noLungiso emva kokufakwa
Kwi-intanethi, xa umthengi efumene iiglasi, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa intuthuzelo yokunxiba nokujonga kwakhona iresiphi. Ukulungiswa kweempumlo, iitempile, njl.njl., kufuneka kwenziwe ngokusekelwe kukubonisana ubuso ngobuso. Nangona iiglasi zinokubonakala zilula, neempazamo ezincinci zinokubangela ukuba zingakhululeki ukuzinxiba kwaye zonakalise umgangatho wokubona. Umahluko kwidatha unokwenza kube nzima ukudinwa kokubona kwaye ubenze buthathaka ngakumbi ubuchule bokubona.
Ukuququmbela
Iiglasi ezimbini ezifanelekileyo azincedi nje kuphela abantu ukuba basebenze kwaye bafunde ngcono kodwa zikwaqinisekisa impilo yokubona. Ukufakela izibuko kwi-intanethi kunika iingenelo ezinje ngokufikeleleka, iindlela ezahlukeneyo, kunye nenkqubo elula. Nangona kunjalo, akufuneki silibale injongo yokuqala yokufaka iiglasi. Ziiglasi ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yempilo yamehlo kuphela esizifunayo ngokwenene.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-15-2023